Before You Start

Author Responsibilities

At the Global Educational Research Review, our aim is to facilitate a smooth and respectful experience throughout the review and publication journey. As an author, you play a crucial role in this process, and there are certain expectations placed upon you. It is anticipated that you will:

• Promptly address any queries throughout the publication process.
• Take full responsibility for your work, ensuring its accuracy and integrity, and address any concerns or questions related to these aspects.
• Maintain the confidentiality of correspondence with the journal editor until a decision regarding your manuscript has been reached.
• Adhere to our authorship ethics guidelines, which require you to:
• Acknowledge all individuals who have made significant contributions to your research and manuscript. Those not qualifying for authorship but involved in the work should be recognized in the acknowledgments section.
• Refrain from listing anyone as an author who has not contributed to the paper or wishes to disassociate from the research.

In line with the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE) guidelines on the use of Artificial Intelligence (AI) tools, including Large Language Models, these tools cannot be credited as authors. They lack the capability to independently conceptualize research designs and cannot be held responsible for the work's integrity, originality, and validity. Authors must disclose the use and extent of AI tools in their manuscript, citing the tool's name and version. This does not apply to standard software used for spelling and grammar checks. The decision on the acceptability of AI tool usage lies with the Editor and Publisher.

If your research involves human participants, it is imperative to determine the necessity of ethical approval and to include this information within your submission. Further guidance on informed consent is available for your reference.

Open Access Submissions and Information

The Global Educational Research Review (GERR) currently only offers open access (OA) publishing paths. Once your paper is accepted, you will be asked to pay the APC (article processing charge) amount $32 USD or IDR 500.000. Your article will be published with a Creative Commons CC BY 4.0 user licence, which outlines how readers can reuse your work.

Prepare Your Submission

Manuscript Support Services

The Global Educational Research Review is delighted to collaborate with Editage, a comprehensive platform that facilitates connections with professionals skilled in language polishing, translation, editing, graphic support, consultancy, and beyond. Following agreement on a service fee, Editage is committed to collaborating with you to refine your manuscript and prepare it for submission.

This service is designed as an optional resource for authors seeking additional assistance with their manuscripts. Please note, utilizing this service does not ensure acceptance of your manuscript for review or publication.

For more information, please visit Editage.

Manuscript Requirements

Before proceeding with your manuscript submission to the Global Educational Research Review, we urge you to carefully review and adhere to the guidelines provided below. Additionally, for valuable insights on organizing your submission, please refer to our How to Structure Your Journal Submission guide and download the Article Template.

Format	Article files should be provided in Microsoft Word format.
Article length / word count	Articles should be between 4000 and 6000 words in length. This includes all text, for example, the structured abstract, references, all text in tables, and figures and appendices. Please allow 200 words for each figure or table.
Article title	Key Elements to Include in a Title: The title should be designed to be concise, accurate, and informative, reflecting the main topic of the study as well as highlighting the significance of the research. The title needs to incorporate key elements such as Method (M), Research Objectives (R), and Research Object (O), along with important information about the study design and main findings. Title Format Recommendations: The title format can vary, ranging from intriguing questions or statements to the use of subtitles that separate the general topic and subtopics with a colon or other non-alphanumeric characters. This structure, widely used across various fields, can influence the success of citations, although opinions vary on its effectiveness. Stating the method in the title is also a common practice that can provide an immediate overview of the research approach. Title Length Considerations: The ideal title generally consists of 6 to 25 words, with an average of 14 words or about 103 characters. Over the last decade, the average title length has increased from 103 characters in 2012 to 111 characters in 2021, indicating a trend towards more detailed titles.
Author details	The names of all contributing authors should be added to the Open Journal System (OJS) submission; please list them in the order in which you’d like them to be published. Each contributing author will need their own OJS author account, from which we will extract the following details: Author Name: Please ensure accuracy, including middle names and/or. Author Affiliation: Indicate the institution of affiliation at the time the research was conducted. Author Email Address: We prefer institutional email addresses. In multi-authored papers, it’s important that ALL authors that have made a significant contribution to the paper are listed. Those who have provided support but have not contributed to the research should be featured in an acknowledgements section. You should never include people who have not contributed to the paper or who don’t want to be associated with the research. Read about our research ethics for authorship.
Biographies and acknowledgements	If you want to include these items, save them in a separate Microsoft Word document and upload the file with your submission. Where they are included, a brief professional biography of not more than 100 words should be supplied for each named author.
Research funding	Your article must reference all sources of external research funding in the acknowledgements section. You should describe the role of the funder or financial sponsor in the entire research process, from study design to submission.
Structured abstract	All submissions must include a structured abstract, following the format outlined below. These four sub-headings and their accompanying explanations must always be included: Purpose Design/methodology/approach Findings Originality/Value Practical implications The following three sub-headings are optional and can be included, if applicable: Research limitations/implications Social implications The maximum length of your abstract should be 250 words in total, including keywords and article classification (see the sections below).
Keywords	Your submission should include three to five keywords appropriate that capture the principal topics of the paper. Please be advised that while we endeavor to utilize the keywords you provide, our in-house editorial team reserves the right to modify or substitute some of these terms. This step is taken to maintain a uniform lexicon across our publications and to optimize your article's visibility in search engines and databases. The editorial team will select alternative terms that closely align with the original intent and subject matter of your submission, ensuring the integrity and accessibility of your work are preserved.
Article classification	During the submission process, you will be asked to select a type for your paper; the options are listed below. If you don’t see an exact match, please choose the best fit: Original Article You will also be asked to select a category for your paper. The options for this are listed below. If you don’t see an exact match, please choose the best fit: Research paper. Reports on any type of research undertaken by the author(s), including: The construction or testing of a model or framework Action research Testing of data, market research or surveys Empirical, scientific or clinical research Papers with a practical focus Viewpoint. Covers any paper where content is dependent on the author's opinion and interpretation. This includes journalistic and magazine-style pieces. Technical paper. Describes and evaluates technical products, processes or services. Conceptual paper. Focuses on developing hypotheses and is usually discursive. Covers philosophical discussions and comparative studies of other authors’ work and thinking. Case study. Describes actual interventions or experiences within organizations. It can be subjective and doesn’t generally report on research. Also covers a description of a legal case or a hypothetical case study used as a teaching exercise. Literature review. This category should only be used if the main purpose of the paper is to annotate and/or critique the literature in a particular field. It could be a selective bibliography providing advice on information sources, or the paper may aim to cover the main contributors to the development of a topic and explore their different views. General review. Provides an overview or historical examination of some concept, technique or phenomenon. Papers are likely to be more descriptive or instructional (‘how to’ papers) than discursive.
Headings	Headings must be concise, with a clear indication of the required hierarchy. The preferred format is for first level headings to be in bold, and subsequent sub-headings to be in medium italics.
Figures	All figures (charts, diagrams, line drawings, webpages/screenshots, and photographic images) should be submitted electronically. Both colour and black and white files are accepted. There are a few other important points to note: All figures should be supplied at the highest resolution/quality possible with numbers and text clearly legible. Acceptable formats are .ai, .eps, .jpeg, .bmp, and .tif. Electronic figures created in other applications should be supplied in their original formats and should also be either copied and pasted into a blank MS Word document, or submitted as a PDF file. All figures should be numbered consecutively with Arabic numerals and have clear captions. All photographs should be numbered as Plate 1, 2, 3, etc. and have clear captions. All figure/table captions should include the necessary credit line, acknowledgement, or attribution if you have been given permission to use the figure/table; if the figure/table is the property of the author(s), this should be acknowledged in the caption.
Tables	Tables should be typed and submitted in a separate file to the main body of the article. The position of each table should be clearly labelled in the main body of the article with corresponding labels clearly shown in the table file. Tables should be numbered consecutively in Roman numerals (e.g. I, II, etc.). Give each table a brief title. Ensure that any superscripts or asterisks are shown next to the relevant items and have explanations displayed as footnotes to the table, figure or plate.
Supplementary files	Where tables, figures, appendices, and other additional content are supplementary to the article but not critical to the reader’s understanding of it, you can choose to host these supplementary files alongside your article on ResearchID, MyResearch ID content hosting platform, or on an institutional or personal repository. All supplementary material must be submitted prior to acceptance.
References	The references section of a submission manuscript must only include works directly cited within the article, clearly differentiating it from a bibliography. These references must adhere strictly to the American Psychological Association (APA) Style, 7th Edition, ensuring uniform and clear presentation. They should be organized alphabetically by the first author's surname to facilitate easy source verification. Abbreviations are prohibited in the references section to maintain clarity. Additionally, for literature not directly cited but suggested for further reading, authors are instructed to list these in a distinct "Further Reading" section, allowing readers to easily distinguish between essential citations and additional recommended resources.

Submit Your Manuscript

In order to facilitate a seamless and efficient manuscript submission process, we advise authors to adhere to the following essential steps:

Preparation of Manuscript

Before the submission of your manuscript, it is imperative to ensure its completeness, grammatical correctness, and the absence of spelling or typographical errors. Additionally, consider the following critical aspects:

• Alignment with Journal's Aims and Scope: Reaffirm that your manuscript aligns with the objectives and scope of our journal. Manuscripts outside of this alignment may be subject to immediate rejection.
• Adherence to Ethics Guidelines: Confirm that your manuscript complies with our stipulated research and publishing ethics guidelines.
• Permissions: Ensure that all necessary permissions for publishing have been secured.
• Formatting Compliance: Verify that your manuscript meets the specified formatting guidelines as outlined in our author guidelines.
• Anonymity for Peer Review: To preserve the integrity of the blind peer review process, ensure your manuscript does not contain identifiers. Tips include:

  - Refer to your work in a non-specific manner, e.g., "previous research indicates" instead of "our research indicates."
  - Exclude references to unpublished works from your bibliography.
  - Submit acknowledgments or author biographies as distinct documents.
  - Perform a thorough review to ensure no author names are present within the manuscript, including figures or captions.

• Submission Checklist: Utilize the Think.Check.Submit checklist available on our website for additional preparation guidance.

Submission Procedure

• Via Editorial System: Submission of manuscripts is exclusively through our Open Journal System (OJS) by the corresponding author.
• Account Creation: Authors submitting for the first time are required to create a new account. Existing users can log in with their current credentials.
• Username Reminder: For future access, your username will be the email address provided during account setup.
• ORCiD ID Integration: Include your ORCiD ID during the submission to ensure your work is appropriately attributed. If you do not possess an ORCiD ID, registration is straightforward and free.
• Support: For additional assistance, please refer to the OJS/PKP support center.
• Confirmation of Submission: You will receive an automated email acknowledgment from the journal editor, which will include a unique manuscript number for all future correspondences. Should there be any concerns regarding the authenticity of the confirmation email, please contact the journal editor directly.

Post Submission

Review and Decision Process

Upon the submission of your manuscript to the Global Educational Research Review, it undergoes a preliminary evaluation by the journal editor. This initial review is crucial to determine its alignment with our journal's aims and scope, as well as to assess the quality of the manuscript in terms of language and scholarly standards. Manuscripts that do not meet these criteria may be declined or returned to the author(s) at this stage.

Should your manuscript pass this initial scrutiny, it advances to the next phase: a rigorous assessment through our double-anonymous peer review process. This entails the manuscript being reviewed by at least two independent experts in the field, ensuring both the anonymity of the authors and reviewers. Based on the feedback from these referees, the editor will then make a decision which could be an acceptance, a request for minor or major revisions, or a rejection of the manuscript.

Our objective is to communicate the initial decision regarding your manuscript within 14 days from submission. Throughout this period, we aim to keep you informed on the status of your manuscript via automated updates through our submission system. You are also encouraged to log in at any time to check the current status of your submission, using the unique manuscript number assigned to you at the time of submission. Should you receive any communication that does not adhere to these parameters, we urge you to contact the journal editor directly to verify its authenticity, as it may be fraudulent.

If Your Submission Is Accepted

Open Access

The Global Educational Research Review (GERR) currently only offers open access (OA) publishing paths. Once your paper is accepted, you will be asked to pay the APC (article processing charge) amount $32 USD or IDR 500.000. Your article will be published with a Creative Commons CC BY 4.0 user licence, which outlines how readers can reuse your work.

Copyright and Licensing

Upon acceptance, authors will receive an email containing a link to the licensing agreement form. It is crucial that authors review this document carefully to ensure that all details, including contact information, current affiliations, and the accurate spelling of names, are correct and up-to-date. After reviewing, authors are required to submit the completed form back to us electronically.

All content published in the Global Educational Research Review (GERR) is open access and freely available online. Unless otherwise stated, all content is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (CC BY 4.0).

By submitting an article to GERR, authors agree to the following terms:

1. Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (CC BY 4.0). This license allows others to share, copy and redistribute the material in any medium or format, and adapt, remix, transform, and build upon the material for any purpose, even commercially, provided the original author and source are credited.

2. Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.

3. Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work (See The Effect of Open Access)

The use of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License supports the inter-disciplinary and international sharing of knowledge and educational research, facilitating the free exchange of ideas and information across the global educational community.

Under the terms of this license, anyone is free to:

• Share — copy and redistribute the material in any medium or format for any purpose, even commercially.
• Adapt — remix, transform, and build upon the material for any purpose, even commercially.

The licensor cannot revoke these freedoms as long as you follow the license terms. Attribution must be provided in a manner appropriate to the medium, with details such as the author's name, the publication date, and a link to the license. Changes made to the original work must be noted. You may do so in any reasonable manner, but not in any way that suggests the licensor endorses you or your use.

For more information about CC BY 4.0, please visit https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

This copyright notice aims to ensure clarity about the rights and responsibilities of authors, the journal, and the wider community in sharing and using the published work, fostering an environment of open scholarly communication.

Proofing and Typesetting

Approximately one month prior to the publication date of an upcoming issue, our editorial team conducts a thorough review of your manuscript. Following this editorial examination, a pre-typeset version of your paper is made available in the "Accepted Articles" section on the journal's online platform. Subsequently, your paper undergoes a copyediting and typesetting phase to prepare it for final publication.

As the corresponding author, you will be provided with the typeset proofs of your paper for your examination. An advance notification will be sent to you to alert you of this stage in the process. This critical phase offers you the chance to identify and correct any typographical or grammatical errors, as well as to update any inaccuracies in the author details. It is important to note that this stage does not permit extensive textual revisions or rewrites.